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A Counterexample to Nivat's Conjecture for a Non-Convex Window

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nivat-conjecture-non-convex-window-counterexampleCombinatoricsposed by Maurice Nivat; the specific question by Jarkko Kari and Etienne Moutot, 2023recorded: disproved

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Statement

The paper constructs an exact cluster FZ2F\subseteq\mathbb{Z}^2 of cardinality 8 with full affine span and an FF-tiling whose orbit closure contains no 1-periodic FF-tiling, giving a non-degenerate counterexample to Nivat's conjecture for non-convex windows. This answers negatively a question of Kari and Moutot from 2023.

Context

Nivat's conjecture is a well-known problem on low-complexity two-dimensional configurations; this closes the non-convex window case in the strong form Kari and Moutot asked about.

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  • #1

    Attempt 1

    constructionGPT-5 + Claude Opus 4 with Abhishek Khetan ·
    AI involvement
    ai co developed
    a person and a model developed the result together.
    models
    GPT-5 + Claude Opus 4
    people
    Abhishek Khetan

    The paper's note on the use of AI credits the construction of Section 2 - the cluster and tiling that constitute the counterexample - to GPT-5, alongside use of Claude Opus 4.

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