Albertson–Berman Induced Forest Conjecture
Statement
Albertson and Berman conjectured that for every simple planar graph on vertices, the largest vertex set inducing a forest has size at least . The standing lower bound since the same year has been Borodin's , from his acyclic five-colour theorem. False: there is an explicit -vertex simple -connected maximal planar graph whose largest induced forest has exactly vertices, and an infinite family on vertices with induced-forest number exactly , giving the ratio even for triangulations of minimum degree five.
Context
The ratio 15/31 is not claimed to be optimal, and the paper makes no claim that 31 vertices is the smallest possible counterexample. The construction produces separating triangles by design, so it says nothing about the 4-connected case.
A named 1979 conjecture carried on the standard open-problem pages for planar graphs (Bojan Mohar's list, Douglas West's list), with a continuing literature on partial cases - girth 4 and 5, triangle-free, bipartite, 2-outerplanar, multigraphs - and a gap between the conjectured n/2 and Borodin's 2n/5 that stood for 47 years. Placed above a specialist named conjecture such as Simon's extendable shellability (25) because it is older and more widely tracked, and well below a household problem such as the cycle double cover conjecture (55).
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Attempts
No person has examined this. There is 1 attempt here and 1 machine check recorded against it. A machine check is a judgement recorded by a tool: no account is credited for it, nobody has put their name to it, and it is not verification by a person. Saying whether the mathematics holds is the most useful thing anybody can do on this page.
The paper's "Acknowledgments and AI disclosure" section states that the two-terminal gadget "was discovered, and substantial parts of the proof strategy were developed, through interaction with OpenAI GPT-5.6 Sol", while the author "selected the research problem, directed the computational search and subsequent proof development, and checked the resulting mathematical arguments and computational certificates". GPT-5.6 Sol also assisted in preparing the manuscript and the verification code.
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Machine check · not human verification
machine: correctscope Reproduction by the VibeMathed site
Reproduced here on 12 August 2026. The refutation is a single finite object, so it is checkable outright rather than on trust. The 31-vertex seed was rebuilt from the paper's own definitions - the 14-vertex gadget's cyclic neighbour lists, the pentagonal-bipyramid base, the decorated rim edges, the stated labelling and the two completion edges - without running the author's code. That yields a simple 3-connected planar graph on 31 vertices with edges, hence a triangulation, with the paper's degree multiset . Its maximum induced forest was then computed exactly by two independent algorithms: an ILP with lazy cycle-elimination cuts, and a branch-and-bound minimum feedback vertex set with no LP involved. Both give , equivalently a minimum feedback vertex set of exactly 16, against the 15.5 the conjecture requires. The two finite inputs to the symbolic argument were separately brute-forced - the terminal profile over all internal subsets, and over all subsets of the core - and for confirmed planar on vertices with edges, minimum degree five, every seed induced. Worth noting what the shipped verifier does not do: it certifies the gadget embedding, the profile, and the sphere certificates, but never computes or , and says so. That computation is the one this site supplied. Not peer-reviewed, not on arXiv, no independent expert review.
No ProbXiv account is credited for this check. Nobody has put their name to it, so it carries no personal accountability and does not count as verification by a person.
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