Problems

How long must an interval be to contain distinct representatives x_i, with a_i | x_i, for every n-element set of moduli A = a_1, …, a_n?

Let h(n) count powerful integers in [n^2, (n+1)^2). What is the extremal order of h(n)?

Estimate the least excess g_k(N) forcing k integers whose pairwise sums all lie in a dense subset of 1, …, 2N; in particular, determine the positive variant h_4(n).

Han and Xiong extended the Gaussian binomial coefficient to positive rational index and conjectured that its integer trace, the integer-exponent part of the resulting power series, is coefficientwise largest at the integer point. Ono's…

For a closed infinite set F ⊆ C, let μ(F) be the infimum of |z : |f(z)| < 1| over monic polynomials with zeros in F. Is μ(F) determined only by the transfinite diameter of F?

For a single-source unsplittable flow, find the optimal universal additive constant C s.t. every feasible fractional flow x with arc costs c should admit an unsplittable routing y with c^top y ≤ c^top x and y_a ≤ x_a + C · D on every arc.…

Let N(k, ℓ) be the least N such that every f : [N] → -1, 1 has a k-term arithmetic progression P with |∑_n ∈ P f(n)| ≥ ℓ. In particular, is N(k, 2) ≤ C^k?

For irreducible covering sets of size k, determine their count, the possible largest modulus, the maximal reciprocal sum, and whether divisor-set examples occur infinitely often.

Bajpai, Dona and Nitsche left three degree-six symplectic hypergeometric monodromy groups unclassified as arithmetic or thin. Two of the three, C-47 and C-55, are arithmetic.